Top Camp is 39 km south of Cloncurry and immediately north of the Cloncurry River.

Known mineralisation at Top Camp is typically of the iron oxide - copper - cobalt - gold type common in the region and is almost entirely confined to a regional iron - silica - manganese metasomatised unit, the Overhang Jaspilite, and an associated brecciated jaspilite unit, the Chumvale Breccia. These units were originally calcareous shales and stromatolitic limestones, and remnants of these remain unaltered. Petrological studies likened these mineralised silica-dolomite cataclastic breccias to those that host the copper orebodies at Mount Isa. Another stratigraphic factor that may be important is that in the general Top Camp area a carbonaceous schist unit is interbedded with the jaspilites. This unit has undergone extensive silica – pyrite alteration.

The Overhang Jaspilite is underlain by the Mitakoodi Quartzite and overlain by the Marimo Slate, a sequence of originally shale, siltstone and fine sandstone. Thus we have a reactive rock type which has also focused the regional brittle and ductile strain, interlayered with two relatively unreactive and impermeable units.

The new discoveries at Rocklands 40 kilometres north and at Kalman 50 kilometres west are located in the same position in the sequence and have a very similar structural development.